Research on Bearing Difference between Single-Pile Composite Foundation Field Test and Group-Pile Composite Foundation of High-Rise Buildings

The reliability of high-rise buildings’ rigid-pile composite foundations primarily relies on the load test results of single-pile composite foundations. Field load tests were conducted for a high-rise building in the loess area of China, the results conformed to the design requirements. Nevertheless, the buildings experienced significant settlement after construction, which was quite different from the test results. Investigating bearing disparities between the single-pile and group-pile composite foundations in high-rise structures was necessary. Firstly, conducting an indoor interface shear test to propose a pile–soil hyperbolic contact model and integrate it into the numerical model. Subsequently, a finite element model was employed that accounts for pile–soil interactions in order to analyze discrepancies in bearing. The results show that the settlement difference rises by 56.4% as the load escalates by 100 kPa from the initial level and increases by 28.9% as the load ascends by 100 kPa to the final level. The settlement difference changes with an increasing load in a hardened curve pattern. Furthermore, differences in pile bearing characteristics and pile–soil interaction were analyzed. Negative friction occurs within 1/4 of the pile length within group-pile composite foundations, while in single-pile composite foundations, the range contracts to 1/10.

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